Samsung's Vision for AI-Native and Sustainable 6G

Samsung Electronics has unveiled its latest 6G white paper, "AI-Native & Sustainable Communication," outlining its perspective on next-generation mobile networks. Building on its previous white paper, "The Next Hyper-Connected Experience for All" (2020), this new publication delves into the technological advances that will shape 6G, with a strong focus on artificial intelligence (AI) and sustainability.

AI at the Core of 6G

AI is expected to be deeply embedded within the entire 6G communication system, optimising network performance and automating critical functions. Samsung categorises AI’s role in 6G into three major areas:

1. AI-Based Air Interface Optimisation

AI will enhance wireless communication efficiency by:

  • CSI Feedback Compression: AI models, such as autoencoders, will compress and reconstruct Channel State Information (CSI) to reduce feedback overhead in massive MIMO systems. 
  • Nonlinearity Compensation: AI-driven techniques will mitigate power amplifier distortions, allowing higher transmission power while maintaining signal integrity and improving network coverage.

2. AI-Powered Network Automation

With increasing network complexity, AI-driven automation will be crucial for:

  • Energy-Saving Management (ESM): AI algorithms will predict traffic patterns and dynamically power down network cells during low-demand periods, significantly cutting energy consumption.

Sustainability in 6G Networks

Samsung’s white paper underscores the importance of sustainability in future networks. Achieving energy efficiency will require innovations across hardware, signal processing, and computing architectures.

1. Energy-Efficient Hardware

  • Power Amplifiers (PA): Traditional Doherty PAs optimise energy efficiency at peak traffic loads but falter under variable conditions. Advanced techniques like Symbol-Level Power Tracking (SPT) and Faster-than-SPT (F-SPT) could improve PA efficiency by over 30%.

2. Optimised Waveforms and Modulation

  • AI will refine modulation schemes by learning and compensating for RF impairments, enabling power amplifiers to operate more efficiently.
  • Enhancements in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Discrete Fourier Transform Spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) will be explored to achieve lower Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), improving overall energy efficiency.

3. Scalable Computing for Network Sustainability

  • Virtualised Radio Access Networks (vRAN) with microservice-based architectures will enable efficient scaling of computing resources, ensuring dynamic adaptability to changing traffic conditions.

Looking Ahead

As 6G standardisation gains momentum, Samsung is focusing on AI-native communication and energy-efficient networking to shape a more intelligent and sustainable mobile ecosystem. With AI deeply integrated into both the air interface and network automation, and a strong emphasis on sustainability, Samsung’s vision aligns with the broader industry push towards efficient and resilient 6G networks.

By embedding intelligence and sustainability at the heart of 6G, Samsung’s white paper sets the stage for a future where mobile networks are not just faster and more connected, but also more efficient and environmentally responsible.

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